Error Handling¶

Standardize errors so clients can rely on status codes and payload shape.

Basic patterns¶

PythonTypeScriptRubyPHPRust

from spikard import Response

@app.get("/fail")
async def fail() -> Response:
    return Response({"error": "bad"}, status=400)

import { Spikard } from "spikard";

const app = new Spikard();

app.addRoute(
  { method: "GET", path: "/fail", handler_name: "fail", is_async: true },
  async () => ({ statusCode: 400, body: { error: "bad" } }),
);

app.get "/fail" do |_request|
  [{ error: "bad" }, 400]
end

use Spikard\Http\Response;

#[Get("/fail")]
public function fail(): Response
{
    return Response::json(['error' => 'bad'], 400);
}

use spikard::prelude::*;

app.route(get("/fail"), |_ctx: Context| async {
    Ok(Json(json!({"error": "bad"})).with_status(StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST))
})?;

Tips¶

Prefer structured bodies (RFC 9457 style) with type, title, detail, status fields.
Propagate request IDs in errors for tracing.
Short-circuit auth/validation failures in middleware when possible.